Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing

Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing is designed to support a one-semester psychiatric-mental health nursing course offered at both two-year and four-year institutions. Serving students specializing in psychiatric nursing and those from other health disciplines, this learning resource integrates evidence-based practices with practical strategies for communication, readying students to build therapeutic relationships with patients and caregivers.

Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing uses a logical, thematic organization that breaks content down into manageable sections. Each unit is designed to foster a deep understanding of the biological, psychological, and social dimensions of mental health. The content helps students make meaningful connections between various psychiatric conditions and the corresponding nursing approaches. By focusing on tailored psychiatric interventions and emphasizing patient-centered approaches, Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing equips students with the knowledge and skills necessary to navigate diverse mental health settings.

Senior Contributing Authors
• Rebecca Puchkors, Baylor University
• Jeanne Saunders, Daytona State College
• David Sharp, Mississippi College

Contributing Authors
• Lenore Cortez, Angelo State University
• Celeste Dunnington, Shorter University
• Victoria Haynes, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences
• Kimberly Johnson, Baylor College of Medicine
• Laura Logan, Austin State University, DeWitt School of Nursing
• Stacy Mikel, Jacksonville State University
• Lynn Rew, The University of Texas at Austin
• Leigh Waldron, Western Governors University
• Pamela Herbig Wall, Rosalind Franklin University

Preface

Unit 1 Theories, Practice, and Trends

Chapter 1 Foundations of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing
o Introduction
o 1.1 Mental Health and Mental Illness
o 1.2 Risk and Protective Factors of Mental Health
o 1.3 Mental Health Stigma
o 1.4 Mental Health Recovery and Wellness
o 1.5 Integration of Research- and Evidence-Based Standards
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 2 Fundamentals of Theories and Therapies
o Introduction
o 2.1 Psychoanalytic Theories and Therapies
o 2.2 Interpersonal Theories and Therapies
o 2.3 Cognitive Theories and Therapies
o 2.4 Humanistic Theories and Therapies
o 2.5 Biological Theories and Therapies
o 2.6 Developmental Theories and Therapies
o 2.7 Holistic Health and Interventions
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 3 Communication, Perception, and Assessment
o Introduction
o 3.1 Therapeutic Communication and Relationships
o 3.2 Client Perception of Illness
o 3.3 Nursing Assessment and Clinical Tools
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 4 Neurobiology and Pharmacological Standards
o Introduction
o 4.1 Foundations of Neurobiology
o 4.2 Psychopharmacology
o 4.3 Innovations in Mental Health
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Unit 2 Therapeutic Considerations in Mental Health

Chapter 5 Therapeutic Settings
o Introduction
o 5.1 Psychiatric-Mental Health Treatment Settings
o 5.2 Group Therapy
o 5.3 Community Support Systems
o 5.4 Family Support Systems
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 6 Therapeutic Relationships
o Introduction
o 6.1 Nurse-Client Relationship
o 6.2 Family Dynamics
o 6.3 Peer Support
o 6.4 Client Engagement
o 6.5 Trauma-Informed Care
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 7 Interprofessional Care
o Introduction
o 7.1 Collaboration and Coordination of Care
o 7.2 Recovery and Rehabilitative Needs
o 7.3 Discharge and Transfer
o 7.4 Continued Support
o 7.5 Online Self-Help and Therapy
o 7.6 Challenges to Continuity of Care
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 8 Cultural Considerations
o Introduction
o 8.1 Understanding Cultural Differences
o 8.2 Ethical Practice in Culture and Diversity
o 8.3 Cultural Practice in Nursing
o 8.4 Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 9 Social and Emotional Concerns
o Introduction
o 9.1 Death and Dying
o 9.2 Grief and Loss
o 9.3 Anger, Abuse, and Violence
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Unit 3 Client Rights and Legal Issues

Chapter 10 Legal and Ethical Guidelines
o Introduction
o 10.1 Client Rights and Protections
o 10.2 Legal Issues Relating to Mental Health Nursing
o 10.3 Ethical Standards in Mental Health Nursing
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 11 Court Involvement
o Introduction
o 11.1 Reasons for Court-Ordered Treatment
o 11.2 Violence and Safety
o 11.3 Powers of Attorney and Advance Directives
o 11.4 Guardianship and Conservatorship
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 12 Self-Determination and Advocacy
o Introduction
o 12.1 Client Representation for Empowerment and Relationship Rebuilding
o 12.2 Autonomy and Independence
o 12.3 Self-Advocacy
o 12.4 Client Advocacy
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Unit 4 Psychiatric Nursing Practice

Chapter 13 Clinical Guidelines and Practice
o Introduction
o 13.1 Clinical Guidelines and Standards
o 13.2 DSM-5 Criteria and Use
o 13.3 Nursing Assessment and Care Plans
o 13.4 Promoting Recovery in Psychiatric Nursing
o 13.5 Special Considerations for PMH Practice
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 14 Neurocognitive Disorders
o Introduction
o 14.1 Mild Neurocognitive Disorders
o 14.2 Delirium
o 14.3 Dementia
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 15 Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder and Other Psychotic Disorders
o Introduction
o 15.1 Schizophrenia
o 15.2 Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
o 15.3 Delusional Disorder
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 Critical-Thinking Questions about Case Studies
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 16 Mood Disorders and Suicide
o Introduction
o 16.1 Depressive Disorders
o 16.2 The Spectrum of Mood Disorders
o 16.3 Self-Harm and Suicide
o 16.4 Bipolar Disorders
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 Critical-Thinking Questions about Case Studies
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 17 Anxiety, OCD, and Trauma-Stressor Disorders
o Introduction
o 17.1 Stress and Anxiety
o 17.2 Anxiety-Related Disorders
o 17.3 Obsessive–Compulsive and Related Disorders
o 17.4 Trauma-Induced and Stress-Related Disorders
o 17.5 Dissociative Identity Disorder
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 18 Personality Disorders
o Introduction
o 18.1 Identification and Diagnosis
o 18.2 Cluster Disorders (A, B, C)
o 18.3 Nursing Care and Treatment Approaches
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 19 Substance Use and Misuse
o Introduction
o 19.1 Substance Use Disorders
o 19.2 Alcohol Use Disorder
o 19.3 Stimulant Use Disorders
o 19.4 Opioid Use Disorder
o 19.5 Dealing with Addiction
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 Critical-Thinking Questions about Case Studies
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 20 Eating Disorders
o Introduction
o 20.1 Psychological, Social, and Physiological Factors
o 20.2 Anorexia Nervosa
o 20.3 Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
o 20.4 Bulimia Nervosa
o 20.5 Binge-Eating Disorder
o 20.6 Pica
o 20.7 Rumination Disorder
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 21 Somatic Symptom Disorders
o Introduction
o 21.1 Psychological and Behavioral Factors in Somatic Symptom Disorders
o 21.2 Functional Neurological Disorder
o 21.3 Factitious Disorder
o 21.4 Illness Anxiety Disorder
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 22 Sexual Dysfunction and Gender Dysphoria
o Introduction
o 22.1 Categories of Sexual Dysfunction
o 22.2 Paraphilias
o 22.3 Gender Dysphoria
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Unit 5 Psychiatric Nursing Practice for Special Populations

Chapter 23 Children and Adolescents
o Introduction
o 23.1 Intellectual Disabilities
o 23.2 Communication Disorders
o 23.3 Autism Spectrum Disorder
o 23.4 Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
o 23.5 Specific Learning Disorders and Motor Disorders
o 23.6 Tic Disorder and Tourette Syndrome
o 23.7 Conduct Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and Disruptive Mood Dysregulation
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 24 Older Adults
o Introduction
o 24.1 Healthcare Concerns and Decisions of Older Adults
o 24.2 Depression
o 24.3 Anxiety
o 24.4 Delirium
o 24.5 Alcohol Use
o 24.6 Pain
o 24.7 Psychiatric-Mental Healthcare Nursing Interventions
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Unit 6 Mental Health Care in the Community

Chapter 25 Community Mental Health Treatment
o Introduction
o 25.1 Identifying Varying Types of Care
o 25.2 Community Needs
o 25.3 Programming in Community and Treatment Settings
o 25.4 Workforce Reentry Programs
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 26 Adjuncts to Treatments
o Introduction
o 26.1 Barriers to Recovery
o 26.2 The Anti-psychiatry Movement
o 26.3 Users Groups
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 27 Current Trends and Growing Needs
o Introduction
o 27.1 Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic
o 27.2 Human and Sex Trafficking
o 27.3 PTSD and Veteran Trauma
o 27.4 Mental Health in the LGBTQIA+ Community
o 27.5 Mental Health in the Homeless and Displaced Population
o 27.6 Objectives for the Future
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Chapter 28 Critical Thinking in Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing
o Introduction
o 28.1 Nursing Process
o 28.2 Measurement of Clinical Judgment
o 28.3 Applying Clinical Judgment to Client Care through Unfolding Case Study Dissection
o Summary
o Key Terms
Assessments
 Review Questions
 Check Your Understanding Questions
 Reflection Questions
 What Should the Nurse Do?
 Competency-Based Assessments
o References

Appendix A Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
Appendix B Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale
Answer Key
• Chapter 15
• Chapter 16
• Chapter 19
Index